Microwaves contain insufficient energy to directly chemically change substances by ionization, and so are an example of nonionizing radiation. The word "radiation" refers to the fact that energy can radiate, and not to the different nature and effects of different kinds of energy.
A great number of studies have been undertaken in the last two decades, most concluding they are safe. It is understood that microwave radiation at a level that causes heating of living tissue is hazardous (due to the possibility of overheating and burns) and most countries have standards limiting exposure, such as the Federal Communications Commission RF safety regulations.
Synthetic reviews of literature indicate the predominance of their safety of use.
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